Pitt Rivers Museum Middle American collections statistics up to 1945
1. What was colonial history of geographical area
[article ID:215]
[For colonial status see http://pittweb4.prm.ox.ac.uk/relational/page.php?title=5]
Countries within British Empire for purposes of this research:
Anguilla
Antigua
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Bermuda
Cayman Islands
Dominica
Grenada
Jamaica
Montserrat
St Kitts - Nevis
St Lucia
St Vincent and the Grenadines
Trinidad and Tobago
Turks & Caicos
Virgin Islands
Windward Islands
Countries that are OUTSIDE the British Empire for purposes of this research:
Aruba
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominican Republic
El Salvador
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Haiti
Honduras
Martinique France
Mexico
Netherlands Antilles
Nicaragua
Panama
Puerto Rico
Sta Pierre & Miquelon
2. List countries included in geographical region
[article ID:216]
List of countries included in region:
Anguilla
Antigua
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Bermuda
Cayman Islands
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Republic
El Salvador
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique France
Mexico
Montserrat
Netherlands Antilles
Nicaragua
Panama
Puerto Rico
St Kitts - Nevis
St Lucia
Sta Pierre & Miquelon
St Vincent & the Grenadines
Trinidad & Tobago
Turks & Caicos Islands
Virgin Islands
Windward Islands
List of countries with statistics:
Antigua
Bahamas
Barbados
Bermuda
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Republic
El Salvador
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Mexico
Netherlands Antilles
Nicaragua
Panama
Puerto Rico
St Kitts - Nevis
St Lucia
St Vincent & the Grenadines
Trinidad & Tobago
Virgin Islands
Windward Islands
Countries that not included because no objects from them:
Anguilla
Aruba
Belize
Cayman Islands
Martinique France
Montserrat
Sta Pierre & Miquelon
Turks & Caicos Islands
3. Total number of objects from geographical region
[article ID:217]
1,430.
NB there is some double counting between sub-continental regions in the Americas, a total of 8 objects could also be from Middle America and 3 from South America, a small number of other entries suggest objects could also come from Asia etc
Overall 9 per cent of the collections come from the Americas as a whole, 0.8 per cent from Middle America.
4. Total number of objects for geographical region divided into archaeological and ethnographic objects
[article ID:218]
Definite archaeology - 854
Definite ethnography - 507
Archaeology or ethnography - 69
The proportion of archaeology from Middle America is larger than for the global figures
5. Total number of objects obtained from each country of region
[article ID:219]
Anguilla - 0 [this country will be ignored statistically from this point]
Antigua - 12
Aruba - 0 [this country will be ignored statistically from this point]
Bahamas - 1
Barbados - 47
Belize- 0 [this country will be ignored statistically from this point]
Bermuda - 1
Cayman Islands - 0 [this country will be ignored statistically from this point]
Costa Rica - 25
Cuba - 3
Dominica [omit Dominican Republic] - 6
Dominican Republic - 3
El Salvador - 14
Grenada - 1
Guadeloupe - 4
Guatemala - 54
Haiti - 3
Honduras - 14
Jamaica - 38
Martinique France - 0 [this country will be ignored statistically from this point]
Mexico - 806
Montserrat - 0 [this country will be ignored statistically from this point]
Netherlands Antilles - 3
Nicaragua - 16
Panama - 168
Puerto Rico - 6
St Kitts - Nevis - 17
St Lucia - 24
Sta Pierre & Miquelon- 0 [this country will be ignored statistically from this point]
St Vincent & the Grenadines - 29
Trinidad & Tobago - 12
Turks & Caicos Islands- 0 [this country will be ignored statistically from this point]
Virgin Islands - 19
Windward Islands - 1 [could also be Barbados]
Countries in descending order of number of objects:
Mexico - 806
Panama - 168
Guatemala - 54
Barbados - 47
Jamaica - 38
St Vincent & the Grenadines - 29
Costa Rica - 25
St Lucia - 24
Virgin Islands - 19
St Kitts - Nevis - 17
Nicaragua - 16
El Salvador - 14
Honduras - 14
Trinidad & Tobago - 12
Antigua - 12
Dominica - 6
Puerto Rico - 6
Guadeloupe - 4
Cuba - 3
Dominican Republic - 3
Haiti - 3
Netherlands Antilles - 3
Bahamas - 1
Bermuda - 1
Grenada - 1
Windward Islands - 1 [could also be Barbados]
Mexico is by far the largest Middle American collection, Panama the next largest but much smaller collection then all other collections are (by a long way) under 100 objects
6. Total number of objects accessioned from each country broken down into decades
[article ID:220]
M America generally:
1880s - 285
1890s - 99
1900s - 47
1910s - 294
1920s - 250
1930s - 341
1940 - 1945 - 114
It is not so much that there are peaks in the Middle American collections but that there are dips in the 1890s and especially in the 1900s for some unexplained reason
Antigua
1880s - 0
1890s - 0
1900s - 9
1910s - 0
1920s - 3
1930s - 0
1940 - 1945 - 0
All 9 of the 1900s peak came from one collector and donor, James Arthur Harley
Bahamas
1900s - 1
The only Bahaman object came to the collections in 1903 from HD Acland
Barbados
1880s - 28
1890s - 0
1900s - 5
1910s - 9
1920s - 4
1930s - 1
1940 - 1945 - 0
21 of the 28 objects from the 1880s came via the Ashmolean Museum, 5 from the Pitt Rivers founding collection
Bermuda
1920s - 1
The only Bermudan object came in 1921 from LCG Clarke (donor) from the Lucas White King collection sold at Sotheby and had also been owned by Day
Costa Rica
1880s - 10
1890s - 0
1900s - 0
1910s - 1
1920s - 4
1930s - 9
1940 - 1945 - 1
Cuba
1880s - 3
The only 3 objects from Cuba came via the founding collection [1] and Mrs Crosby Brown [2]
Dominica
1880s - 0
1890s - 3
1900s - 1
1910s - 0
1920s - 0
1930s - 2
1940 - 1945 - 0
Walter William Skeat gave the 3 objects in the 1890s, collected by his brother, the 1900s object was from SW Silver, and the 1930s objects were from L. Archer Shepherd [collector and donor]
Dominican Republic
1900s - 1
1910s - 2
The 1900 object was donated (and collected?] by RT Gunther, the 2 1910s objects came via EB Tylor and Anna Tylor
El Salvador
1920s - 14
All 14 El Salvadorean objects came in the 1920s, from LCG Clarke
Grenada
1920s - 1
The only Grenedan object was obtained in 1921 from LCG Clarke, and had been owned by Lucas White King and sold at Sotheby and previously also been sold by Fenton and co.
Guadeloupe
1900s - 2
1920s - 2
The 2 1900s objects came via Miss EC Bell, the 1920s objects from LCG Clarke
Guatemala
1880s - 1
1890s - 2
1900s - 0
1910s - 2
1920s - 21
1930s - 15
1940 - 1945 - 13
John Vernon Harrison [field collector and donor] is mostly responsible for the 1940s objects, James Hooper [donor] for the 1930s and LCG Clarke for the 1920s
Haiti
1900s - 2
1920s - 1
RT Gunther, LCG Clarke and John Oliver Wardrop donated these 3 objects
Honduras
1880s - 3
1890s - 2
1900s - 0
1910s - 0
1920s - 3
1930s - 5
1940 - 1945 - 1
Jamaica
1880s - 3
1890s - 1
1900s - 3
1910s - 3
1920s - 4
1930s - 15
1940 - 1945 - 9
The 9 items from the 1940s came from Mrs Simmonds, several of the 1930s objects also come from her [assuming that Mrs Derwent Simmonds is the same person]
Mexico
1880s - 185
1890s - 72
1900s - 13
1910s - 189
1920s - 22
1930s - 223
1940 - 1945 - 102
CC James donated most of the 1940s objects B Blackwood most of the 1930s EB Tylor via Annan Tylor the 1910s [check] Ashmolean and the Pitt Riversfounding collection the 1880s
Netherlands Antilles
1900s - 1
1910s - 1
1930s - 1
Ernst Hartert, AH Baldwin and Henry Balfour gave the 3 Netherlands Antilles objects , Hartert may have collected 2 of them [one donated by himself other by Balfour]
Nicaragua
1880s - 12
1890s - 0
1900s - 1
1910s - 3
All the 1880s objects came from the founding collection and some were collected by Berthold Carl Seeman
Panama
1880s - 1
1890s - 0
1900s - 0
1910s - 56
1920s - 111
1930s - 0
1940 - 1945 - 0
The 1910s peak is due to the collection of Douglas Freeland Shute Filliter [collector and donor], the 1920s peak is due to the collection fromLady Richmond Brown and Frederick Albert Mitchell-Hedges [collectors and donors]
Puerto Rico
1910s - 2
1920s - 2
1930s - 2
LCG Clarke donated 2 objects, EB and Anna Tylor anothe r2 and Sydney Haldane Olivier the last two
St Kitts - Nevis
1930s - 17
All St Kitts items came from L, Archer Shepherd who was also the collector
St Lucia
1880s - 2
1930s - 22
Almost all St Lucia items came from L, Archer Shepherd who was also the collector
St Vincent & the Grenadines
1880s - 1
1890s - 0
1900s - 1
1910s - 0
1920s - 11
1930s - 16
1940 - 1945 - 0
Several 1930s items come from FHS Knowles
Trinidad & Tobago
1880s - 2
1920s - 8
1930s - 2
8 of the items from 1920s came from F Le Maistre
Virgin Islands
1910s - 1
1930s - 9
9 items came from Jack Carrick Trevor[90 per cent]
Windward Islands
1880s - 1
the only Windward islands object (that might also be from Barbados] was from the founding collection
7. Total number of objects obtained from each country divided into Archaeology and Ethnology
[article ID:221]
Middle America generally
Definite archaeology - 854
Definite ethnography - 507
Archaeology or ethnography - 69
The proportion of archaeology from Middle America is larger than for the global figures
Antigua
Definite archaeology - 0
Definite ethnography - 12
Arch or ethn - 0
100 per cent of the Antiqua collections up to 1945 are ethnographic
Bahamas
Definite archaeology- 0
Definite ethnography - 1
Arch or ethn - 0
The single item which came from the Bahamas is ethnographic
Barbados
Definite archaeology - 38
Definite ethnography - 5
Arch or ethn - 4
Bermuda
Definite archaeology- 1
Definite ethnography - 0
Arch or ethn - 0
The single item which came from Bermuda is archaeological
Costa Rica
Definite archaeology - 16
Definite ethnography - 5
Arch or ethn - 4
Cuba
Definite archaeology- 0
Definite ethnography - 2
Arch or ethn - 1
Two-thirds of the very small Cuban collections are ethnographic
Dominica
Definite archaeology - 1
Definite ethnography - 5
Arch or ethn - 0
The vast majority of the Dominican collections are ethnographic
Dominican Republic
Definite archaeology - 3
Definite ethnography- 0
Arch or ethn - 0
100 per cent of the Dominican Republic collections up to 1945 are archaeological
El Salvador
Definite archaeology - 14
Definite ethnography- 0
Arch or ethn - 0
100 per cent of the El Salvador collections up to 1945 are archaeological
Grenada
Definite archaeology - 1
Definite ethnography- 0
Arch or ethn - 0
The single item which came from Grenada is archaeological
Guadeloupe
Definite archaeology - 2
Definite ethnography - 2
Arch or ethn - 0
Guadeloupe collections are split evenly between archaeological and ethnographic
Guatemala
Definite archaeology - 20
Definite ethnography - 34
Arch or ethn - 0
Haiti
Definite archaeology - 2
Definite ethnography - 1
Arch or ethn - 0
66 per cent of the small Haitian collections are archaeological, the remaining third is ethnographic
Honduras
Definite archaeology - 8
Definite ethnography - 1
Arch or ethn - 5
Archaeology is 57 per cent of the Honduran collections, archaeology or ethnographic items are 36 per cent and definite ethnography is only 7 per cent
Jamaica
Definite archaeology - 27
Definite ethnography - 11
Arch or ethn - 0
Mexico
Definite archaeology - 496
Definite ethnography - 295
Arch or ethn - 15
Netherlands Antilles
Definite archaeology- 0
Definite ethnography - 3
Arch or ethn - 0
100 per cent of the Netherlands Antilles collections up to 1945 are ethnographic
Nicaragua
Definite archaeology- 0
Definite ethnography - 5
Arch or ethn - 11
Over 66 per cent of the Nicaraguan collections are unclear as to whether they are archaeology or ethnography, the remaining third is clearly ethnographic
Panama
Definite archaeology - 72
Definite ethnography - 95
Arch or ethn - 1
Puerto Rico
Definite archaeology - 6
Definite ethnography- 0
Arch or ethn - 0
100 per cent of the Puerto Rican collections up to 1945 are archaeological
St Kitts - Nevis
Definite archaeology - 17
Definite ethnography- 0
Arch or ethn - 0
100 per cent of the St Kitts collections up to 1945 are archaeological
St Lucia
Definite archaeology - 22
Definite ethnography- 0
Arch or ethn - 2
The vast majority of the St Lucia collections are archaeological, the remainding small percentage could be either archaeological or ethnographic
St Vincent & the Grenadines
Definite archaeology - 27
Definite ethnography - 1
Arch or ethn - 1
The vast majority of St Vincent objects are archaeological
Trinidad & Tobago
Definite archaeology - 10
Definite ethnography- 0
Arch or ethn - 2
The vast majority of Trinidad and Tobago objects are archaeological
Virgin Islands
Definite archaeology - 7
Definite ethnography - 12
Arch or ethn - 0
37 per cent of the Virgin Island collections are archaeological, 63 per cent ethnographic
Windward Islands
Definite archaeology - 0
Definite ethnography - 1
Arch or ethn - 0
100 per cent of the single item which might be from the Windward Islands is ethnographic
8. Breakdown of collections between colonial and non-colonial holdings based on 1. above
[article ID:222]
Countries within British Empire for purposes of this research [omitting those with no objects from there]:
Antigua - 12
Bahamas - 1
Barbados - 47
Bermuda - 1
Dominica - 6
Grenada - 1
Jamaica - 38
St Kitts - Nevis - 17
St Lucia - 24
St Vincent and the Grenadines - 29
Trinidad and Tobago - 12
Virgin Islands - 19
Windward Islands - 1
Total for colonial countries: 208
The holdings from colonial countries was always going to be a small proportion of the whole when the largest country with by far the largest collection (Mexico) was not part of the British Empire. However no colonial Middle American (largely Caribbean) countries have very large collections
Countries that are OUTSIDE the British Empire for purposes of this research [omitting those with no objects from there]:
Costa Rica - 25
Cuba - 3
Dominican Republic - 3
El Salvador - 14
Guadeloupe - 4
Guatemala - 54
Haiti - 3
Honduras - 14
Mexico - 806
Netherlands Antilles - 3
Nicaragua - 16
Panama - 168
Puerto Rico - 6
Total for countries that were not part of the British Empire: 1,119
Not unexpectedly the total for colonial holdings is low at 16 per cent, because of the dominating effects of the Mexican collections - however it is not so low as the overall Americas picture
Archaeological and ethnographic objects by Empire:
Collections from countries within the British Empire:
Definite archaeology - 151
Definite ethnography - 48
arch or ethn - 9
Collections from countries outside the British Empire
Definite archaeology - 631
Definite ethnography - 443
arch or ethn - 37
As can be seen above, the proportion of archaeological objects is much higher from the countries of Middle America which formed part of British Empire than globally, even collections from outside the British Empire are more biased towards archaeology than the global picture, correspondingly there are much smaller ethnographic collections proportionally than there globally
Archaeology:
Collections from countries within the British Empire: 151
Collections from countries outside the British Empire: 631
Ethnography:
Collections from countries within the British Empire: 48
Collections from countries outside the British Empire: 443
Archaeology or ethnography:
Collections from countries within the British Empire: 9
Collections from countries outside the British Empire: 37
9. Breakdown of total number of objects by type for each country [searched under class field]
M American collections, generally, types of objects
Agriculture - 5
Animalia - 6
Animal Gear - 23
Bag - 13
Barkcloth - 4
Basketry - 29
Body Art - 12
Box - 4
Carving - 0
Ceremonial - 13
Children - 14
Clothing - 63
Commemoration - 0
Cordage - 4
Currency - 18
Dance - 7
Death - 28
Dwelling - 0 [omitting furniture dwelling]
Fan - 7
Figure - 357
Fire - 15 [omitting firearm]
Fishing - 13
Food - 88
Furniture Dwelling - 2
Geology - 11
Headhunting - 0
Hunting - 6
Insignia - 4
Lighting - 2
Lock - 1
Marriage - 0
Mask - 1
Measurement - 1
Medicine - 5
Metallurgy - 1
Model - 52
Music - 58
Narcotic - 0
Navigation - 0
Ornament & bead - 104
Photograph - 1
Physical Anthropology - 2
Picture - 6
Plant - 18
Pottery - 428
Punishment and
Torture - 7
Religion - 294
Reproduction - 12
Scientific Apparatus -0
Signal - 0
Specimen - 35
Sport - 7
Status - 10
Technique - 16
Textile - 33
Theatre - 0
Time - 2
Toilet - 33
Tool - 392 [tool excluding double counting as weapon = 142 ]
Toy & Game - 130
Trade - 36
Transport - 5
Vessel - 184
Weapon - 329 [weapon excluding double counting as tool = 79 ]
Writing - 8
M American types of objects in descending order:
Pottery - 428
Tool - 392 [tool excluding double counting as weapon = 142 NB tools would go down several places if only tools were included]
Figure - 357
Weapon - 329 [weapon excluding double counting as tool = 79 NB weapons would go down many places if only weapons were included]
Religion - 294
Vessel - 184
Toy & Game - 130
Ornament & bead - 104 [86 orn 10 bead 8 orn and bead ]
Food - 88
Clothing - 63
Music - 58
Model - 52
Trade - 36
Specimen - 35
Textile - 33
Toilet - 33
Basketry - 29
Death - 28
Animal Gear - 23
Currency - 18
Plant - 18
Technique - 16
Fire - 15
Children - 14
Bag - 13
Ceremonial - 13
Fishing - 13
Body Art - 12
Reproduction - 12
Geology - 11
Status - 10
Writing - 8
Dance - 7
Fan - 7
Punishment and
Torture - 7
Sport - 7
Animalia - 6
Hunting - 6
Picture - 6
Agriculture - 5
Medicine - 5
Transport - 5
Barkcloth - 4
Box - 4
Cordage - 4
Insignia - 4
Furniture Dwelling - 2
Lighting - 2
Physical Anthropology - 2
Time - 2
Lock - 1
Mask - 1
Measurement - 1
Metallurgy - 1
Photograph - 1
Carving - 0
Commemoration - 0
Dwelling - 0
Headhunting - 0
Marriage - 0
Narcotic - 0
Navigation - 0
Scientific Apparatus -0
Signal - 0
Theatre - 0
| Global up to 1945 |
|
|
M America up to 1945 |
|
|
| Position |
Type |
No. of objects |
Position |
Type |
No of objects |
| 1 |
Tool |
68,459 |
1 |
Pottery |
428 |
| 2 |
Weapon |
32,794 |
2 |
Tool |
392 |
| 3 |
Ornament & Bead ** |
21,345 |
3 |
Figure |
357 |
| 4 |
Religion |
15,125 |
4 |
Weapon |
329 |
| 5 |
Pottery |
12,597 |
5 |
Religion |
294 |
| 6 |
Figure |
9,571 |
6 |
Vessel |
184 |
| 7 |
Vessel |
7,463 |
7 |
Toy & Game |
130 |
| 8 |
Clothing |
6,846 |
8 |
Ornament & bead |
104 |
| 9 |
Specimen |
6,722 |
9 |
Food |
88 |
| 10 |
Music |
6,038 |
10 |
Clothing |
63 |
| 11 |
Textile |
5,755 |
11 |
Music |
58 |
| 12 |
Toy & Game |
5,645 |
12 |
Model |
52 |
| 13 |
Food |
4,907 |
13 |
Trade |
36 |
| 14 |
Death |
4,843 |
14 |
Specimen |
35 |
| 15 |
Box |
4,645 |
15 |
Textile |
33 |
| 16 |
Basketry |
4,235 |
16 |
Toilet |
33 |
| 17 |
Currency |
3,995 |
17 |
Basketry |
29 |
| 18 |
Narcotic |
3,701 |
18 |
Death |
28 |
| 19 |
Writing |
3,670 |
19 |
Animal Gear |
23 |
| 20 |
Measurement |
3,325 |
20 |
Currency |
18 |
Pottery appears in the first position, I think for the first time during these statistics [up from 5 globally], tools therefore sunk to second place from their more usual second space, see below for the large number of tools or weapons that are not clearly one or the other from this region. Figures like pottery are much more represented proportionally in the M America collections [up to 3 from 6], and weapons are, like tools, less well represented than usual. Toys and games are more common in this region than globally [7 from 12], ornaments and beads are much less common in S American collectons than globally [8 from 3]. Food is more commonly represented [9 from 13].
Outside the top 10 of M American objects, models, animal gear and trade items appear inthe top 20 for this region but not globally, items which are commonly represented in the global collection but not so common in M America include narcotics, writing, measurement.
Definite tools - 142
Definite weapons - 79
Tools or weapons - 250
Stone tools: 104 [excluding weapons] [73 per cent of all M American definite tools]
Antigua
Clothing - 0
Figures - 3
Music - 0
Ornaments and beads ** - 3
Pottery - 0
Religion - 3
Specimens - 0
Tools - 1
Vessels - 1
Weapons - 0
Tools or weapons -
Toys and Games - 0
Food - 0
Bahamas
Clothing - 1
This is the only object from Bahamas in the M American collections up to 1945
Barbados - 47
Clothing - 0
Figures - 0
Music - 0
Ornaments and beads ** - 0
Pottery - 2
Religion - 0
Specimens - 0
Tools - 6
Vessels - 4
Weapons - 0
Tools or weapons - 34
Toys and Games - 0
Food - 1
Bermuda
Tools - 1
Weapons - 1
Actually there is only one object from Bermuda, it is uncertain whether it is a tool or a weapon
Costa Rica - 25
Clothing - 0
Figures - 13
Music - 5
Ornaments and beads ** - 5
Pottery - 4
Religion - 10
Specimens - 0
Tools - 6
Vessels - 2
Weapons - 1
Tools or weapons - 4
Toys and Games - 0
Food - 4
Over fifty per cent of the Costa Rican objects are figures
Cuba
Music - 1
Tools or weapons - 1
Dominica
Tool or weapon - 1
Toys and Games - 1
The remainder of the Dominica objects do not appear inthe top 10 classes
Dominican Republic
Figures - 3
Religion - 2
Tools or weapons - 1
Tool - 1
El Salvador - 14
Figures - 14
Pottery - 14
Vessels - 3
100 per cent of the El Salvador collection are pottery figures, a few of which are also vessels
Grenada
Tools - 1
Weapons - 1
Actually there is only one object from Bermuda, it is uncertain whether it is a tool or a weapon
Guadeloupe
Tools or weapons - 2
Toys and Games - 1
Guatemala - 54
Clothing - 4
Figures - 7
Music - 1
Ornaments and beads ** - 1
Pottery - 4
Religion - 1
Specimens - 0
Tools
Vessels - 4
Weapons - 24
Tools or weapons - 15
Toys and Games - 0
Food - 0
44 per cent of the collections are definite weapons and this proportionincreases if you count the 15 axes that are classified as both tools and weapons [to 72 per cent]
Haiti
Figures - 1
Ornaments and beads ** - 1
Religion - 1
Tools or weapons - 2
Honduras - 14
Figures - 1
Tools - 7
Weapons - 3
Tools or weapons - 3
Food - 1
50 per cent of the Honduran collections are tools
Jamaica - 38
Clothing - 1
Ornaments and beads ** - 1
Pottery - 1
Specimens - 2
Tools - 1
Vessels - 1
Weapons - 1
Tools or weapons - 27
Food - 2
73 per cent of the Jamaican collections are axes [ie tools and weapons]
Mexico - 806
Clothing - 30
Figures - 287
Music - 39
Ornaments and beads ** - 48
Pottery - 330
Religion - 255
Specimens - 17
Tools - 57
Vessels - 112
Weapons - 40
Tools or weapons - 22
Toys and Games - 127
Food - 68
163 Mexican objects are pottery figures [20 per cent] , Mexican toys and games are almost all of the entire Middle America toy and game total number of objects [130, 98 per cent]
Netherlands Antilles
Specimens - 1
The other objects are fire and currency related
Nicaragua - 16
Tools - 4
Weapons - 4
Tools or weapons - 7
In total tools and weapons [15] are 94 per cent of the Nicaraguan collections, the remainder are animal gear and barkcloth
Panama - 168
Clothing - 26
Figures - 25
Music - 7
Ornaments and beads ** - 39
Pottery - 72
Religion - 15
Specimens - 0
Tools - 2
Vessels - 58
Weapons - 18
Tools or weapons - 1
Toys and Games - 1
Food - 5
57 of the Panamanian objects are pottery vessels [34 per cent]
Puerto Rico
Figures - 3
Religion - 2
Tools or weapons - 4
St Kitts - Nevis - 17
Tools - 15
Tools and weapons - 2
St Lucia - 24
Tools and weapons - 24
100 per cent of the St Lucian collections are axes
St Vincent & the Grenadines - 29
Figures - 1
Tools - 2
Weapons
Tools or weapons - 26
Almost all St Vincent objects are tools or tools and weapons, 26 are axes [90 per cent]
Trinidad & Tobago - 12
Pottery - 2
Tools - 1
Tools and weapons - 9
Again the 9 tools and weapons are axes [75 per cent of the Trinidad collections]
Virgin Islands - 19
Music - 2
Religion - 7
Tools and weapons - 7
Again the 7 tools and weapons are actually axes [37 per cent], the missing 10 objects are currency tokens [of unknown but guesstimated number]
Windward Islands
Vessels - 1
Food - 1
Actually there is only one object from the Windward Islands [and that might be from Barbados], it is both a a vessel and food related
10. Is it possible to break the information down into types of collectors?
[article ID:223]
Antigua
9 of the 12 objects [75 per cent] came from one collector and donor, James Arthur Harley
Bahamas
The only Bahaman object came to the collections in 1903 from HD Acland (possible field collector and donor)
Barbados
Ashmolean Museum [21 objects 45 per cent ] Pitt Rivers founding collection[5 objects 11 per cent]
Bermuda
The only Bermudan object came in 1921 from LCG Clarke (donor) from the Lucas White King collection sold at Sotheby and had also been owned by Day
Costa Rica
8 of the items come from Puttick and Simpson [32 per cent], 10 from the founding collection [40 per cent] 4 of these were collected by Berthold Carl Seeman[16 per cent]
Cuba
The only 3 objects from Cuba came via the founding collection [1] and Mrs Crosby Brown [2]
Dominica
Walter William Skeat gave 3 objects [50 per cent], collected by his brother, another object was from SW Silver, and the remaining 2 objects were from L. Archer Shepherd [collector and donor]
Dominican Republic
An object was donated (and collected?] by RT Gunther, the other 2 objects came via EB Tylor and Anna Tylor
El Salvador
All 14 El Salvadorean objects came in the 1920s, from LCG Clarke
Grenada
The only Grenadan object was obtained in 1921 from LCG Clarke, and had been owned by Lucas White King and sold at Sotheby and previously also been sold by Fenton and co.
Guadeloupe
2 objects came via Miss EC Bell, the 1920s objects from LCG Clarke[50 per cent each]
Guatemala
John Vernon Harrison [field collector and donor] gave 22 per cent, James Hooper [donor] about the same and LCG Clarke 20 objects [37 per cent]
Haiti
RT Gunther, LCG Clarke and John Oliver Wardrop donated these 3 objects
Honduras
5 of the objects came from Lord Moyne [Walter Edward Guiness][35 per cent] otherwise things come from a variety of sources and collectors
Jamaica
Mrs Derwent Simmonds [60 per cent]
Mexico
CC James [82 objects 10 per cent ] B Blackwood [203 objects 25 per cent ] EB Tylor [141 objects 17 per cent] Ashmolean [107 objects13 per cent ] Pitt Rivers [73 objects 9 per cent]
Netherlands Antilles
Ernst Hartert, AH Baldwin and Henry Balfour gave the 3 Netherlands Antilles objects , Hartert may have collected 2 of them [one donated by himself other by Balfour]
Nicaragua
12 objects came from the founding collection[75 per cent] and 6 of these [33 per cent] were collected by Berthold Carl Seeman
Panama
Douglas Freeland Shute Filliter [56 objects 33 per cent], Lady Richmond Brown and Frederick Albert Mitchell-Hedges 109 objects [65 per cent ][collectors and donors]
Puerto Rico
LCG Clarke donated 2 objects, EB and Anna Tylor anothe r2 and Sydney Haldane Olivier the last two
St Kitts - Nevis
All St Kitts items came from L. Archer Shepherd who was also the collector
St Lucia
Almost all St Lucia items came from L. Archer Shepherd who was also the collector
St Vincent & the Grenadines
12 items come from FHS Knowles [41 per cent]
Trinidad & Tobago
8 of the12 items came from F Le Maistre [66 per cent]
Virgin Islands
9 items came from Jack Carrick Trevor [90 per cent]
Windward Islands
the only Windward islands object (that might also be from Barbados] was from the founding collection
ESRC 'Relational Museum'
October 2003
