Charles Seligman Beatrice Blackwood PRM Museum John Hutton Henry Balfour Edward Tylor Augustus Fox

Pitt Rivers Museum - Named field collectors

The shape of their collections up to 1945

[article ID:464]

Readers are reminded yet again that a single object can, of course, have more than one country assigned to it during the cataloguing and accessioning process, therefore we have taken great care not to add together countries and set them against the total number of objects in our summary unless we have excluded any double counting between categories.

Named collectors as donors

[article ID:465]

[ie including their secondary collections as well]

Note that the countries in blue are non-colonial countries, the countries in red have been part of the British Empire. Countries in green have no objects from them in the collections of any of the named collectors [NC after their name means Non-colonial, C = colonial], all zero figures have been coloured green to make it easier to spot numbers. Country names in plum mean that objects from there are present in each named collection

Countries

Seligman

Tylor

Pitt Rivers

Balfour

Blackwood

Hutton

Afghanistan

0

0

4 [some poss India]

1 [poss India or Pakistan]

0

0

Albania

0

1

6 [1 poss Slovenia]

37 [some poss Bosnia etc]

0

0

Algeria

487

20

50

605

0

0

American Samoa [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Andaman Islands India

0

0

364

2

0

0

Andorra [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Angola

0

0

12 [2 poss also Congo]

11 [some poss Congo]

0

0

Anguilla [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Antigua [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Argentina

0

1 poss Chile

97 [many poss Chile]

8 [all poss other places]

0

0

Armenia [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Aruba [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Ascension Island [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Australia

288

1543

410

190

0

0

Australia [Cocos (Keeling) Islands [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Australia [Norfolk Island] [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Austria

0

34

22 [some poss Italy]

101

7

0

Azerbaijan [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Bahamas [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Bahrain [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Bangladesh

0

0

3

11

0

3

Barbados

0

1

5 [some poss Trinidad]

7

0

0

Belarus [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Belgium

0

0

32 some poss France etc

91 [some poss other countries]

1

0

Belize [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Benin Republic

0

0

10 [1 poss Nigeria]

2

0

0

Bermuda [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Bhutan

0

0

2 [poss lots of other places]

0

0

0

Bolivia

0

0

1 [poss Peru]

41 [most could be other place]

0

0

Bosnia Herzegovina Yugoslavia

0

1

0

97

0

0

Botswana

1

0

20

15 [some poss other places]

0

0

Brazil

0

0

22 [1 poss Guyana]

24

0

0

Brunei

0

0

0

1 [poss Malaysia or Indonesia]

0

0

Bulgaria

0

0

12

0

0

0

Burkina Faso

0

0

0

2 [poss Ivory Coast]

0

0

Burundi

0

0

0

12 [all poss other places]

0

0

Cambodia

0

0

2

1 [poss Vietnam etc]

0

0

Cameroon Cameroun

0

0

10 [some poss other places]

5 [1 poss Chad]

0

0

Canada

5 [NB shared with USA]

291 [+ 35 that are USA or Canada]

134 [+ 430 poss USA or Greenland]

57 [[+ 24 USA or Canada]

46

0

Cape Verde

0

0

1

0

0

0

Cayman Islands [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Central African Republic

0

2

1 poss Sudan or Congo

9 [most poss other places]

0

0

Chad

0

0

0

2 [poss Cameroon]

0

0

Chechnya [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Chile

0

1 [poss Argentine]

123 [most poss Argentina]

7 [most poss Argentina]

0

0

China [Excluding Hong Kong]

16

50

338 [some poss Japan]

330 [some poss Tibett]

1

0

China [Hong Kong] [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Colombia

0

0

3 [1 poss Nicaragua]

0

 

0

Comoros Islands [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Congo, Democratic Republic of

5

0

50 [mos tposs other Congo or Angola]

80 [some poss other places]

0

0

Congo, People's Republic of

0

0

31 [mos tposs other Congo or Angola]

6 [most poss other places]

0

0

Cook Islands

0

0

23 some poss Tubuai]

6 [most could be Tubuai]

0

0

Costa Rica

0

0

12

0

0

0

Ivory Coast

0

0

1 [poss Liberia]

3 [most poss other places]

0

0

Croatia Yugoslavia

0

0

5

14

0

0

Cuba

0

0

1 [poss St Lucia]

0

0

0

Cyprus

0

5

199

21 [some poss other places]

0

0

Czech Republic

0

0

4 [2 poss Hungary or Poland]

4

0

0

Denmark

11 [poss Sweden or Norway too]

11 [10 poss Germany]

392

67

6

0

Djibouti

1 [poss Somalia]

0

0

0

0

0

Dominica

0

0

0

1

0

0

Dominican Republic

0

2 poss Puerto Rico

0

0

0

0

East Timor

0

1 poss Indonesia

10 [poss Indonesia]

1 [poss Indonesia]

0

0

Easter Island Rapa Nui

1

0

5

1

0

0

Ecuador

0

0

48

1

0

0

Egypt

2146

164

232

228 [some poss Iraq or Cyprus]

0

0

El Salvador [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Equatorial Guinea

0

0

3 [1 poss Cameroon]

0

0

0

Eritrea [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Estonia [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Ethiopia

1

2

3

0

0

Falkland Islands [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Fiji

0

6

169

18

4

0

Finland

0

0

5 [all poss Sweden or Norway]

22

0

0

France

65

33

1364

1319

15

0

French Guiana

0

0

see individual areas

1 [poss Guyana or Surinam]

0

0

Gabon

0

0

306

4 [1 poss Congo etc]

0

0

Galapagos Islands Ecuador [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

The Gambia

0

0

12 [all poss other places]

3 [all poss Austria or Senegal]

0

0

Gambier Islands French Polynesia

0

0

1 [poss Tubuai]

0

0

0

Georgia [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Germany

0

30 [10 poss Denmark]

68

115

128

0

Ghana

110 [some poss also Nigeria]

2

44

32

0

0

Gibraltar

0

0

0

1 [poss France]

0

0

Greece

33

11

148

83

2

0

Greenland

0

0

148 [most also poss USA and Canada]

21 [some poss USA or Canada]

0

0

Grenada [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Guadeloupe [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Guam [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Guatemala

0

0

1

2

0

0

Guinea

0

0

4 [could be Guinea-Bissau or Sierra Leone]

0

0

0

Guinea-Bissau

0

0

12 [could be Senegal or Gambia]

0

0

0

Guyana

0

0

77

7 [1 poss Gabon etc]

0

0

Haiti [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Heard & McDonald Islands [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Honduras

0

0

3

0

0

0

Hungary

0

13

13 [most could be other places]

14

0

0

Iceland

0

0

2

21

0

0

India

2

52 [some poss Burma]

208

474 [some poss Tibet]

0

3455

'British India' *** [C]

2

60

352

95

1

7

Indonesia

6

10

55 [many could be other places]

69

0

0

Iran

0

23

20

23

0

0

Iraq

0

1

16

20 [many poss other places]

0

0

Ireland

0

7

519 [some could be UK]

44 [some poss UK]

5

0

Irian Jaya (Indonesia)

12 [most possibly PNG as well]

2 [poss PNG or Indonesia]

119 [most could be PNG etc]

42 [most poss PNG]

0

0

Israel

1

2 poss other countries

12 [most could be Palestine]

110 [most poss Palestine etc]

0

0

Italy

2 both could be other countries

0

348

331

1

0

Jamaica

0

0

2

0

0

0

Japan

50

669

295 [some poss China]

270

7

0

Jordan

0

2 [see Israel]

7 [poss some Israel or Palestine]

46 [most poss Israel Palestine etc ]

0

0

Kazakhstan [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Kenya

2

0

1 [poss Ethiopia]

130

0

0

Kiribati

0

1

40

3

0

0

Korea

0

1

22

54

0

0

Kuwait [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Kyrgyzstan [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Laos

0

0

0

1 [poss Vietnam etc]

0

0

Latvia [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Lebanon

0

0

1 [poss Palestine or Israel]

27 [most also UK]

0

0

Lesotho

0

0

3

0

0

0

Liberia

0

0

7 [poss some from other places]

2 [also Austria]

0

0

Libya

0

0

14

0

0

0

Liechtenstein [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Lithuania [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Luxembourg [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Macau [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Macedonia Yugoslavia

0

0

0

1

0

0

Madagascar

0

2

8

8 [some poss other places]

0

0

Malawi

0

0

0

38

0

0

Malaysia

12

15 [possibly also Thailand or Singapore]

38 [most could be other places]

50 [some poss other places]

0

0

Maldives [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Mali

0

0

1 [could be Senegal or Gambia]

0

0

0

Malta

0

0

15

135

18

0

Marquesas Islands French Polynesia

0

1

34

4

0

0

Marshall Islands

0

0

3

0

0

0

Martinique France [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Mauritania [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Mauritius [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Mayotte [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Melilla [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Mexico

0

141

74

102

203

0

Micronesia, Federated States of [Caroline Islands]

1 [poss also Palau]

0

2 [1 poss Palau]

0

0

0

Moldova [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Monaco [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Mongolia

1 [poss also China]

0

0

11 [poss also China]

0

0

Montenegro Yugoslavia

0

0

0

5

0

0

Montserrat [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Morocco

79

0

1

60

0

0

Mozambique

0

0

2 [1 poss S Africa]

3 [1 poss S Africa]

0

0

Myanmar (Burma)

0

25 [2 possibly India]

117 [some poss other places]

223 [some poss other places]

0

5

Namibia

0

0

7 [some poss S Africa]

4 [all poss other places]

0

0

Nauru [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Nepal

1 [poss also India]

0

19 [some poss other places]

8 [1 poss China]

0

3

The Netherlands

0

11

4 [1 poss Germany]

82

10

0

Netherlands Antilles

0

0

0

1

0

0

New Caledonia

0

0

63

9

0

0

New Zealand

6

33

134

24

15

0

Nicaragua

0

0

12

1

0

0

Nicobar Islands India

0

0

219

5

0

0

Niger

0

0

2

1

0

0

Nigeria

106 [Many poss also Ghana]

0

97

316

0

0

Niue

0

1

16

0

0

0

North Korea [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Northern Mariana Islands [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Norway

13 [11 poss Sweden or Denmark too]

17

70 [some poss Sweden or Finland]

286

0

0

Oman [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Pakistan

0

1

43

5

1

0

Palau, Republic of [Caroline Islands]

1 [poss also Micronesia

0

1 [poss Micronesia]

1

0

0

Palestine

2

2 [poss Israel etc]

12 [most poss Israel etc]

102 [most poss other places]

0

0

Panama

0

0

1

0

0

0

Papua New Guinea

212

5 [1 poss Irian Jaya]

260 [many poss Irian Jaya]

168 [some poss Irian Jaya etc]

2570

0

Paraguay

0

0

1

14 [I poss Bolivia etc]

0

0

Peru

1

141

49 [some other places]

0

0

Philippines

0

2

6

4

0

0

Pitcairn Islands

0

0

2

0

0

0

Poland

0

0

2 [poss Norway or Czech Rep]

2 [poss Germany]

7 [poss Germany]

0

Portugal

0

0

14 [some poss Spain]

39

0

0

Portugal [Madeira]

0

2

1

0

0

0

Puerto Rico

0

2 [poss Dom Republic]

0

0

0

0

Qatar [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Reunion [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Romania

0

0

0

2 [1 poss Hungary]

0

0

Ross Dependency [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Russia [excluding Siberia]

2

11

77

46

0

0

Russia [Siberia]

0

0

4

9

0

0

Rwanda

0

0

0

12 [all poss other places]

0

0

Samoa

0

0

38

2

0

0

San Marino [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Sao Tome [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Saudi Arabia [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Senegal

0

0

12 [most poss other places]

3 [all poss Gambia and Austria]

0

0

Serbia Yugoslavia

0

0

0

5

0

0

Seychelles [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Sierra Leone

1

0

10 [some poss other places]

2

0

0

Singapore

1 [poss Malaysia]

6 [see Malaysia]

2 [both poss other places]

6 [1 poss other placees]

0

0

Slovakia [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Slovenia

0

0

1 [poss Albania]

1 [poss other places]

0

0

Society Islands French Polynesia

0

0

27

1

0

0

Solomon Islands

0

0

210

30

386 [actually PNG]

1

Somalia

1 [poss Djibouti]

0

9

1 [poss Yemen]

0

0

South Africa

86 [some also possibly Botswana]

109

210

441

0

0

South Georgia [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

South Korea [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

South Sandwich Islands [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Spain

1

50 [some poss France or Italy]

72

18

0

0

Sri Lanka

518 [10 possibly Italian]

0

38 [some could be India etc]

22 [some poss other places]

0

1

St Helena [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

St Kitts - Nevis [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

St Lucia

0

0

2 [1 could be Cuba]

0

0

0

Sta Pierre & Miquelon [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

St Vincent & the Grenadines

0

0

1

0

0

0

Sudan

417

141 [some poss other places]

46 [some poss Congo etc]

0

0

Surinam Suriname

0

0

1

1 [poss Guyana etc]

0

0

Swaziland [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Sweden

11 [poss Denmark or Norway]

9

91 [some poss Norway or Finland]

362

1

0

Switzerland

5

0

336

79

0

0

Syria

0

6

5

30

0

0

Taiwan

0

0

2 [poss China]

22

0

0

Tajikistan [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Tanzania

104

0

7

79 [some poss other places]

0

0

Thailand

0

17 [some see Malaysia]

9 [2 poss Burma]

13

0

0

Tibet

2 [1 poss China]

63

16 [some other places]

47 [some poss India]

0

0

Togo

3 [all poss Ghana]

0

0

0

0

0

Tokelau Islands

0

0

1 [poss NZ]

0

0

0

Tonga

0

0

60 [some poss Samoa]

4

0

0

Trinidad & Tobago

0

0

2 [1 poss Barbados]

0

0

0

Tristan da Cunha St Helena [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Tuamotu Archipelago French Polynesia

0

0

2

0

0

0

Tubuai Islands French Polynesia

0

0

10 [some poss other places]

6 [most poss Cook Ids]

0

0

Tunisia

50

0

2

24

0

0

Turkey

1

3

53

21

12

0

Turkmenistan [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Turks & Caicos Islands [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Tuvalu

0

0

2

0

0

0

Uganda

2 [1 poss Sudan]

0

1 [poss Sudan]

97 [some poss other places]

0

0

UK

145

429

6,445 [some poss Ireland]

3,198

274

51

Ukraine

0

2

29 [some poss Russia]

8

0

0

United Arab Emirates [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Uruguay [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

USA

5 [NB shared with Canada]

292

245 [430 poss Canada or Greenland]

79 [+ 24 USA or Canada]

287

0

USA [Hawaii]

0

0

0

7

0

0

Uzbekistan [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Vanuatu

0

6

112

5

0

0

Vatican City

0

0

0

8

0

0

Venezuela [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Vietnam

0

0

3

2 [1 poss other places]

0

0

Virgin Islands [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Wallis & Futuna Islands [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Western Sahara [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Western Samoa [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Windward Islands [C]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Wrangel Island (Vrangelya Ostrov) [NC]

0

0

0

0

0

0

Yemen

0

3

2

7 [2 poss other places]

1

0

Yugoslavia [NC] see sep countries

0

0

0

0

0

0

Zambia

0

1

1 [poss Congo]

224 [some poss Zimbabwe]

0

0

Zimbabwe

0

1

1 [poss S Africa]

573 [some poss Zambia]

0

0

Unknown or only continental provenance

27

80

1,499

735

-

1 [Asia]

 

Seligman*

Tylor **

Pitt Rivers

Balfour

Blackwood

Hutton

* - Calculated by typing in name Seligman into PRM source field, so that it catches both the items donated by Charles and Brenda Seligman, as with named field collector classes statistics.

** - Calculated by typing in name Tylor into PRM source field, so that it catches both the items donated directly by EBT but also those donated after his death by Anna Tylor.

*** British India could be India Pakistan or Bangladesh it is not sufficiently well provenanced to know

Note that it is not possible to work out percentage splits for each country for each collector because of the amount of double-counting between countries.

Conclusions

As might have been predicted, Pitt Rivers and Balfour have objects from the widest distribution of countries, Hutton and Blackwood have the narrowest distribution.

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The financial support of this project by the ESRC is gratefully acknowledged.